• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A friction disc/brake pair for railway vehicles consisting of at least one pad comprising at least one friction piece and a disc. The friction piece is made of sintered material comprising copper, iron, graphite, between 0.02 and 1.5% by weight of molybdenum, between 1 and 3% by weight of chromium and a porosity between 20 and 35%; and the disc is made of cast iron containing between 0.05% and 2% by weight of chromium, between 0.05% and 2% by weight of molybdenum, between 0.1 and 2% by weight of nickel. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2774624A1
    申请号:ES201931055
    申请日:2019-11-28
    公开日:2020-07-21
    发明作者:Soccio Vittorio De；Roberto Boffelli
    申请人:POLI Srl；Cofren SRL；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0002] Friction disc / brake torque for railway vehicles
    [0004] Cross reference to associated patent applications
    [0006] The present application claims the priority of the Italian Patent Application No. 102019000016835 filed on September 20, 2019, the content of which is incorporated herein by reference.
    [0008] Technical field
    [0010] The present invention relates to a friction disc / brake pair for railway vehicles. In particular, the present invention finds an advantageous application for medium-speed trains, that is, those trains whose maximum speed is less than 220 km / h with special reference to vehicles with a speed between 140 km / h and 220 km / h. .
    [0012] Prior state of the art
    [0014] As is well known to a person skilled in the art, the structure of the brake, in terms of friction and disc parts, depends on the type of trains on which the brake itself is mounted.
    [0016] The discs are usually made of either steel or cast iron. The steel discs guarantee greater resistance compared to cast iron discs and, at the same time, have a significantly higher cost. For these reasons, the use of steel discs is usually only justified for those trains whose high speed (above 220 km / h) or whose braked masses per disc, would make the use of cast iron discs impossible, because of the high energy to be dissipated and the relative power. In fact, for energies that are too high, the stresses on the disc in the braking phase would be of such magnitude that they would impair the integrity of the cast iron discs.
    [0018] Regarding the friction pieces, these are usually made of sintered material or organic material. Due to the high temperatures that develop in the braking phase, for medium-high speed trains (above 160 km / h) the only friction pieces that can be used are those made of sintered material and not organic material. Friction parts made of organic material suffer the disadvantage of having to be replaced very frequently due to their high wear (especially if they are used in medium / high speed trains) and of presenting a deterioration in friction performance in case of high temperatures.
    [0020] Regarding friction parts made of sintered material, it has long been a common opinion that they cannot be used in combination with a cast iron disc, since they would cause premature wear of the latter.
    [0022] From everything referred to so far, it follows that for medium-speed trains, between 160 km / h and 220 km / h, a combination of friction parts in sintered material with steel discs is often adopted. A choice of this type is also justified by the configuration of the vehicles, which are increasingly demanding in terms of capacity.
    [0024] Although the use of friction pieces in sintered material in combination with steel discs makes it possible to guarantee optimum braking efficiency, it suffers from the disadvantage of being particularly expensive and producing an annoying squeak, especially at low speeds.
    [0026] It should be noted that the low noise level is increasingly becoming an important discriminating factor when choosing the disc brakes to use. As can easily be assumed, the need to contain noise in the braking phase is greater in trains designed to make a high number of stops in centers with a high presence of homes, such as metropolitan trains.
    [0028] Therefore, the need to be able to have a brake with a friction disc / brake torque for trains was noticed, whose technical characteristics would make it, on the one hand, more economical compared to the brakes currently used and on the other, less noisy in the phase of braking eliminating, consequently, the annoying squeak that usually occurs.
    [0030] The inventors of the present invention have met this need by making a friction disc / brake pair, in which the friction parts are made of a special sintered material, while the disc is made of a special cast iron. He disc / brake friction torque, object of the present invention, not only meets the requirements referred to above but, surprisingly, also guarantees important advantages in terms of wear resistance of both the disc and the friction parts. The possibility of replacing steel discs with cast iron discs considerably reduces the cost of the disc / brake pair as a whole and, surprisingly, significantly reduces the noise emitted in the braking phase.
    [0032] Object of the invention
    [0034] The object of the present invention is a friction disc / brake pair for railway vehicles whose essential technical characteristics are detailed in claim 1, and whose preferred and secondary characteristics are detailed in dependent claims 2-7.
    [0036] Preferred embodiment of the invention
    [0038] For a better understanding of the invention, an embodiment is shown below for merely illustrative and non-limiting purposes.
    [0040] Friction pieces have been made, whose sintered material complies with the composition shown in percentages by weight in Table I.
    [0045] Furthermore, the sintered material has a porosity expressed as a percentage (void volume with respect to the total volume) of between 25 and 35%.
    [0047] In particular, the sintered material has a composition reflected in percentages by weight in Table II and has a porosity of 28%.
    [0050] The sintered material described above has been tested as a friction part in a cast iron disc made according to the present invention (represents an example of the invention and is indicated by the letter A), in a cast iron disc with a composition that does not meets the requirements of the present invention (represents a first comparative example and is indicated by the letter B) and on a steel disk (represents a second comparative example and is indicated by the letter C).
    [0052] The cast iron disk according to the present invention must comply with the composition shown in percentages by weight in Table III.
    [0054] Table III
    [0059] In particular, the cast iron disk according to the present invention has the composition shown in percentages by weight in Table IV.
    [0060] Table IV
    [0065] Table V reflects in% by weight the composition of the cast iron disc, the composition of which does not meet the requirements of the present invention.
    [0067] Table V
    [0072] The steel disc used is homologated and is currently on the market and has the following characteristics: 21 CrMoV5-11 EN 10028-2 (2003), DIN 17755 (1983).
    [0073] The sintered parts described have been tested on all three types of disc brakes (examples A - C) described. In particular, the tests have been carried out on a dynamometric bench and have consisted of friction tests, structural integrity of the disc, disc wear, wear of friction parts and noise.
    [0075] The friction test has been carried out according to the procedure indicated in the UIC 541-3 ed. 7 progr 6A and 6B.
    [0077] The structural integrity test of the disc has been carried out according to the procedure indicated in standard EN 14535-3 - Class C2 (200 Km / h - 10t / disc).
    [0079] The wear test of the disc and friction parts has been carried out following the procedure indicated in the UNI EN 14535-3 standard and according to specific application tests.
    [0081] The acoustic level test has been carried out according to the procedure indicated in the UNI EN ISO 3095: 2013 standard.
    [0083] Table VI shows the results of the previous tests expressed in an indexed way with respect to the friction disc / brake pair that comprises the steel disc (example C). In this way, it will be extremely simple and immediate to recognize the advantages of the disc / brake friction torque of the present invention (example A).
    [0085] Table VI
    [0090] From the data reflected in Table VI it can be deduced that the disc / brake friction torque object of the present invention (A) not only allows the replacement of the steel disc with a cast iron disc, but also guarantees a significant improvement in terms wear and noise.
    [0092] The above results demonstrate how, thanks to the present invention, it is possible to realize a friction disc / brake torque for railway vehicles much more economical than pairs with steel discs and, at the same time, improve the performance in terms of wear of the disc and friction parts. Regarding the advantages in terms of economy, it is important to note that the cast iron disc costs approximately one third of the steel disc.
    [0094] The inventors' opinion is that the stated advantages of the disc / brake friction couple of the present invention are achieved thanks to the formation on the surface of the disc of a uniformly distributed layer of oxides, consisting mainly of chromium and molybdenum oxides. This layer of oxides is formed during the interaction between friction pieces and the disc and is extremely persistent and is firmly anchored to the disc, thus creating a highly protective layer. By means of an electron microscope, it has been estimated that this layer has a thickness of 5 microns.
    [0096] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pads comprise a plurality of friction pieces of reduced size, rather than a single larger friction piece. Each pad is made up of a main base plate and a plurality of friction pieces attached to the base plate. Each of the friction pieces is made up of a plate and a friction block irreversibly fixed to the plate.
    [0098] The solution relating to the use of a plurality of friction pieces of reduced size is advantageous both in terms of the efficiency of the pressure on the disc and, therefore, of braking, as well as in terms of low noise level.
    [0100] Always according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the disk is composed of at least three circular sectors separated from each other and held together to form the disk by a plurality of transverse pins. The disk made in this way is described in patent application EP0758059 A 1 which is included here by reference.
    权利要求:
    Claims (7)
    [1]
    1. A friction disc / brake pair for railway vehicles made up of at least one pad comprising at least one friction piece and a disc; said disc / brake friction couple being characterized in that said friction piece is made of sintered material comprising copper, iron, graphite, between 0.02 and 1.5% by weight of molybdenum, between 1 and 3% by weight of chromium and a porosity between 20 and 35%; and due to the fact that said disc is made of cast iron containing between 0.05% and 2% by weight of chromium, between 0.05 and 2% by weight of molybdenum, between 0.1 and 2% by weight of nickel.
    [2]
    2. Disc / brake friction pair according to claim 1, characterized in that said sintered material of said friction piece comprises between 0.05 and 1% by weight of molybdenum, between 1 and 1.5% by weight of chromium and a porosity between 25 and 30%.
    [3]
    Disc / brake friction torque according to claim 1 or 2; characterized in that said sintered material of said friction piece comprises between 10 and 70% by weight of copper, between 5 and 40% by weight of iron, between 5 and 20% by weight of graphite, between 5 and 20% by weight of friction modifiers.
    [4]
    Disc / brake friction couple according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cast iron with which the disc is made comprises between 0.1 and 2% by weight of chromium, between 0.1 and 2% by weight of molybdenum, between 0.5 and 1.5% by weight of nickel.
    [5]
    Disc / brake friction couple according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cast iron with which the disc is made comprises between 3 and 5% by weight of carbon, between 1 and 2% by weight of silicon, between 0.5 and 1% by weight of manganese, between 0.01 and 1% by weight of sulfur.
    [6]
    Disc / brake friction pair according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said pad comprises a main base plate and a plurality of friction pieces fixed to the base plate.
    [7]
    Disc / brake friction pair according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said cast iron disc is composed of at least three circular sectors separated from each other and held together by connecting pieces to form the disc.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    BR102020019050A2|2021-07-13|
    FR3101050B1|2021-10-08|
    CN112539234A|2021-03-23|
    IT201900016835A1|2021-03-20|
    US20210088093A1|2021-03-25|
    EP3795854A1|2021-03-24|
    ES2774624B2|2021-09-10|
    DE102019008322A1|2021-03-25|
    KR20210035054A|2021-03-31|
    FR3101050A1|2021-03-26|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    GB1109830A|1967-05-12|1968-04-18|Budd Co|Alloys for use in the manufacture of disc brake rotors|
    ES2164832T3|1995-08-07|2002-03-01|Poli S P A|ROTATING SUPPORT WITH BRAKE DISCS, PARTICULARLY FOR USE IN RAILWAYS.|
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    JPH10212545A|1997-01-30|1998-08-11|Kurimoto Ltd|Blake disk material excellent in fatigue strength|
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    EP3569887A1|2018-05-14|2019-11-20|Cofren S.r.L.|Pad for disc brakes for railway vehicles|
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    CN100467659C|2006-11-03|2009-03-11|大连交通大学|Copper base particle reinforced friction material|
    JP6245906B2|2013-09-13|2017-12-13|公益財団法人鉄道総合技術研究所|Brake disc and manufacturing method thereof|
    JP2017519160A|2014-04-15|2017-07-13|フェルディアム エス．アール．エル．|Brake member for brake system and method for producing the same|
    法律状态:
    2020-07-21| BA2A| Patent application published|Ref document number: 2774624 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: A1 Effective date: 20200721 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    IT102019000016835A|IT201900016835A1|2019-09-20|2019-09-20|PAIR OF DISC / BRAKE FRICTION FOR RAILWAY VEHICLES|
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